An evidence review, not medical advice

The content on this site is a review of published evidence and regulation. It is not a diagnosis, not a treatment recommendation, and not a substitute for a consultation with a clinician who has examined you. It deliberately does not recommend for or against treatment, and it does not state what any individual should do.

What the evidence does and does not show

The claims the evidence supports are stated as supported, and the claims it does not carry are stated as not supported. Where a question is unresolved, this site says that it is unresolved rather than resolving it by tone. A mechanism demonstrated in a laboratory is not the same as an effect shown in living skin, and a study too small to establish an effect does not show that there is none.

No guarantee, and no booking

No outcome can be guaranteed, and nothing on this site is an offer of assessment, treatment or consultation. It is not a booking page, and no claim here should be read as an invitation to arrange anything. A decision about an injectable course is an individual clinical question.

When to seek care

A firm lump or nodule appearing weeks or months after an injection, skin that turns white or dusky during or shortly after one, any change in vision, spreading redness with fever, or pain that is worsening rather than settling should be assessed by a clinician. Contact the service that treated you, or the hospital’s outpatient channels, rather than relying on a website.